Monday 8 January 2024

Viranminda Nayanar - One who believed honouring Shiva Devotees is a greater form of service to Lord Shiva

 

Viralminda Nayanar, also known as Viranmindar, Viranmintan and Viranminda Nayanar, is generally counted as the sixth in the list of 63 Nayanmars. Viralminda Nayanar lived during the period 8th-9th century CE same as Sundaramurthi Nayanar. He along with Cheraman Perumal Nayanar are the two Nayanars from Kerala. Viralminda Nayanar is described in legends as the reason to why Sundarar composed a hymn to the Nayanar saints, which became the first compilation of the Nayanmar’s list.

Read more about Nayanmars here...

Nayanmars - An Introduction

Stories of all Nayanmars

List of all Nayanmars

 Viralminda Nayanar was born in Sengunru (Sengkunroor) (generally identified with modern-day Chengannur) in the hilly terrain of Malainadu, in the state of Kerala. The region was then under the reign of the Chera kings. Viralminda Nayanar is regarded as a historical figure (8th-9th century), contemporary of Sundarar and the Chera king Rajashekhara Varman (Cheraman Perumal Nayanar, reign: 820- 844), both are honoured and worshipped as Nayanars. Viralminda Nayanar and Cheraman Perumal Nayanar are the only two Nayanars from Kerala. 

Viralminda Nayanar was a Vellalar, a caste of agricultural landowners. He was a

 staunch devotee of Lord Shiva. He believed that honouring and worshipping the

 devotees of Lord Shiva is a greater form of service to Lord Shiva, than

 worshipping Shiva himself. He felt that no one could get Shiva’s grace without

 first worshipping Shiva Bhaktas, and that he who worships even the Shiva

 Lingam with all faith and devotion, would not attain salvation if he insults Shiva

 Bhaktas [Adiyaars]. Daily he used to visit the temple. Before worshipping the

 Lord, he used to worship the Siva Bhaktas [Adiyaars] who might be found there.

Viralminda Nayanar travelled to various temples of Shiva and finally

 reached Thiruvarur, famous for its Thyagaraja Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva.

 He saw many Shiva Devotees [Adiyaars] seated in the Devasiriyam mandapam -

 the thousand-pillared mandapa (hall) in the temple and prostrated them and

 stayed in their company. He decreed that others should also pay their respects to

 the adiyaars, before worshipping Lord Shiva in the garbhagriha.

Read more about Nayanmars here...

Nayanmars - An Introduction

Stories of all Nayanmars

List of all Nayanmars

 Once, Sundarar [SundaramurthiNayanar], one of the most celebrated Nayanar saints, came to the shrine and went straight to the garbhagriha, without bowing to the Adiyaars. This offended Viralmindar, who not only excommunicated Sundarar from Shaivism, but also Thyagarajar[Lord Shiva] who insulted the devotees by accepting Sundarar's worship.

To please Viralmindar, Sundarar composed the Tiruthonda Thogai ("The List of Holy Devotees"), a hymn to Nayanar saints, which is the first compilation of the Nayanmar’s list. The list of Nayanars was organised and rewritten in the Periya Puranam by Sekizhar with addition of Sundarar in the list of the 62 saints of Tiruthonda Thogai. 

The Periya Puranam continues with praising Viralminda Nayanar as the reason for the Nayanars' list and also states that he received Shiva's grace and reached Kailasa, Shiva's abode after his death. He was made the leaders of the ganas, attendants of Shiva at Kailash.

A legend says that after Sundarar insulted the devotees, Viralminda Nayanar followed Sundarar with his axe. When Sundarar was just within the grasp of Viralmindar, Thyagarajar[Lord Shiva] rescued Sundarar by hiding him in the temple wall. A shrine (ottu thiyagarajar sannidhi) marks the event and spot where Viralmindar is worshipped in the Thyagaraja Temple.

While some accounts narrate that the composition of Tiruthonda Thogai reconciled the differences between Viralminda Nayanar and Sundarar, others say that he never forgave Thyagaraja, Sundarar and the people of Thiruvarur and left Thiruvarur. He vowed never to enter Thiruvarur.

Read more about Nayanmars here...

Nayanmars - An Introduction

Stories of all Nayanmars

List of all Nayanmars

Viralmindar was upset with Thyagaraja for his partiality with Sundarar, despite all his faults. He was enraged with the god when he heard Thyagarajar gave Sundarar’s vision back. Viralmindar settled in the village of Vandampalai, outside Thiruvarur. He used to serve lunch to the devotees every day and would ask for their village name before serving them. He would kill anyone who came from Thiruvarur with his axe. Once, Thyagaraja, disguised himself as a devotee and came to Viralmindar's house. Viralminda's wife welcomed him and asked him his village name. He said he belonged to Thiruvarur; she immediately warned him about Viralminda's hatred of Thiruvarur and its people and requested him to lie about his village. The devotee refused to do so but requested the wife to keep the axe on Viralmindar's left hand side, instead of the usual right. She also accepted.

When Viralmindar heard the devotee belonged to Thiruvarur, he reached for his axe, but did not find it in its usual place. The delay helped the devotee escape, but Viralmindar chased him with his axe. The devotee entered the limits of Thiruvarur and Viralmindar unconsciously broke his vow, following him. Viralmindar chopped off his own legs as penance. Thyagaraja revealed his divine form as Shiva and blessed Viralmindar for his devotion. This in turn led to a peaceful agreement between Viralmindar, Thyagaraja and Sundarar. The Shiva temple in Vandampalai was built in memory of the event.

Read more about Nayanmars here...

Nayanmars - An Introduction

Stories of all Nayanmars

List of all Nayanmars

Viralminda Nayanar is worshipped on Thiruvathirai, the Purnima (full moon day) of the Tamil month of Chithirai. He is depicted wearing a crown, with folded hands and holding an axe (parashu) in the crook of his arm. He receives collective worship as part of the 63 Nayanars. Their statues and images of 63 Nayamars are found in many Shiva temples in Tamil Nadu. The statues of nayanmars are taken out in procession during festivals with great galore.

                       தென்னாடுடைய சிவனே போற்றி!

                     எந்நாட்டவர்க்கும் இறைவா போற்றி!

நற்றவா உன்னை நான் மறக்கினும், சொல்லும் நா நமச்சிவாயவே.

Even if I were to forget you, my tongue would always utter your name, Namashivaaya.

OM NAMAH SHIVAYA

THIRUCHITRAMBALAM

Have a great day and keep reading…

until then I am signing off...